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To termites, any breach of their tunnels or nests is a cause for alarm. When termites discover a potential breach, the soldiers usually bang their minds, apparently to attract different soldiers for defence and also to recruit additional workers to repair any breach.56 Additionally, an alarmed termite lumps into other termites that induces them to be alarmed and to leave pheromone trails to the distressed area, which is also a means to recruit extra workers.56.

The pantropical subfamily Nasutitermitinae includes a specialised caste of soldiers, known as nasutes, that possess the capability to exude noxious fluids via a horn-like frontal projection that they utilize for defence.155 Nasutes have lost their mandibles throughout the course of evolution and have to be fed by workers.59 A vast array of monoterpene hydrocarbon solvents have been identified in the liquids which nasutes secrete.156 Similarly, Formosan subterranean termites have been known to secrete naphthalene to safeguard their nests.157.

Soldiers of the species Globitermes sulphureus commit suicide by autothysis  rupturing a huge gland just beneath the surface of their cuticles. The thick, yellow fluid in the gland gets very tacky on contact with the air, entangling ants or other insects which are trying to invade the nest.158159 Another termite, Neocapriterme taracua, also engages in suicidal defence.

When soldiers guarding nest entrances are attacked by intruders, they engage in autothysis, creating a block which denies entry to any outsider.161.

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Employees use several different approaches to take care of their deceased, including burying, cannibalism, and avoiding a corpse altogether.162163164 To prevent pathogens, termites occasionally engage in necrophoresis, in which a nestmate carries a corpse from the colony to eliminate it elsewhere.165 Which approach is utilized depends on the nature of this corpse a worker is dealing with (i.e.

A species of fungus is known to mimic termite eggs, successfully avoiding its natural predators. These tiny brown balls, known as"termite balls", seldom kill the eggs, and in certain cases the employees tend to them.166 This fungus mimics these eggs by producing a cellulose-digesting enzyme known as glucosidases.167 A unique mimicking behavior exists between various species of Trichopsenius beetles and certain termite species within Reticulitermes.

This compound mimicry allows the beetles to integrate themselves within the termite colonies.168 The developed appendages on the physogastric abdomen of Austrospirachtha mimetes enables the beetle to mimic a termite worker.169.

Some species of ant have been known to capture termites to use as a fresh food origin after on, rather than killing them. By way of instance, Formica nigra captures termites, and those who try like it to escape are immediately captured and driven underground.170 Certain species of ants in the subfamily Ponerinae conduct these raids although other ant species move in alone to steal the eggs or nymphs.146 Ants like Megaponera analis assault the outside of mounds and Dorylinae ants assault underground.146171 Despite this, some termites and ants can coexist peacefully.

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54 species of ants are known to inhabit Nasutitermes mounds, both occupied and abandoned ones.174 One reason many ants reside in Nasutitermes mounds is due to the termites' frequent occurrence in their own geographic range; another is to protect themselves from flooding.174175 Iridomyrmex also inhabits termite mounds although no evidence for any kind of relationship (other than a predatory one) is known.116 In rare situations, certain species of termites live inside busy ant colonies.176 Some invertebrate organisms such as beetles, caterpillars, flies and millipedes are termitophiles and dwell inside termite colonies (they are unable to survive independently).56 As a result, certain beetles and flies have evolved with their hosts.

Mounds may also offer shelter and heat to visite site birds, lizards, snakes and scorpions.56.

Termites are known to carry pollen and frequently see blossoms,177 are regarded as potential pollinators for any number of flowering plants.178 One flower in particular, Rhizanthella gardneri, is frequently pollinated by foraging employees, and it's perhaps the only Orchidaceae blossom in the world to be pollinated by termites.177

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Many plants have developed effective defences against termites. However, seedlings are vulnerable to termite attacks and need additional protection, as their defence mechanisms only grow when they have passed the seedling phase.179 Defence is normally accomplished by secreting antifeedant compounds into the woody cell walls.180 This lowers the ability of termites to efficiently digest the cellulose.

When kept near the infusion, they become disoriented and eventually perish.181.

Termite populations can be substantially impacted by environmental changes including those due to human intervention. A Brazilian study investigated the termite assemblages of 3 sites of Caatinga under different levels of anthropogenic disturbance in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil were sampled using 65 x 2 m transects.182 A total of 26 species of termites were present in the 3 websites, and 196 encounters were recorded in the transects.

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